CANARINA:
DESCAR:
INPUT DATA:
ALGORITHMS:
POLLUTANTS:
Sea pollution II ˇ software ˇ water discharge system
The Sea
It is an indispensable element for the life. 97% of the water of the Earth is in the oceans. 70% of the surface of our planet is covered by the water. The water is in seas, rivers, lakes and ice. The water is always moving, from the earth and the oceans to the atmosphere and vice versa. Taking advantage of these movements, the water transports mass and energy. The water dissolves the soluble compounds of the minerals and it transports them until the oceans or it deposits them in far away places. The water transports the nutrients of the plants in its interior. The water absorbs solar energy when it evaporates in the ocean. The energy is liberated when the water condenses. The rain dissolves the present substances in the atmosphere: oxygen, nitrogen, dioxide of carbon, sulphur oxides and nitrogen oxides. In very industrialized areas where big quantities of oxides of sulphur and of nitrogen are emitted to the atmosphere, the degree of acidity of the rain can be between 10 and 100 times superior. This generates big problems in lakes, forests and even constructions.
3.1 Physical characteristics
Colour: It is due to the dissolved minerals and the organic matter.
Turbidity: It is caused by the dissolved matter that disperses and absorbs the light.
Odour: It can be due to the presence of inorganic or organic substances.
Temperature: The disturbance caused by the rise in temperature of the water is called thermal pollution. It has a number of bad effects. Oxygen is less soluble at the higher temperature. If the temperature rises sufficiently, fish may die. The situation is made worse by the speeding up of biochemical processes so the fish respire more rapidly and need more oxygen.
|
Oxygen concentration in the water |
|
|
Temperatura (ēC) |
Oxygen (g/m3) |
|
0 |
1.42 |
|
5 |
12.4 |
|
10 |
10.9 |
|
15 |
9.8 |
|
20 |
8.8 |
|
25 |
8.1 |
|
30 |
7.5 |
software ˇ water discharge system
DESCAR software: water discharge system mixing zone model waste water discharge standards wastewater treatment chemical contamination of water wastewater simulation water analysis sewage treatment effluent effluent and environment sewage discharge modeling environment management and protection environmental impact evaluation environmental science ˇ engineering environmental audit reports marine pollution monitoring sewage treatment discharge marine pollution pollution and water environmental sewage water pollution control oil environmental impact GIS ˇ environment